“All external factors that affect nature, anthropogenic assets, nature’s contributions to people and good quality of life. They include institutions and governance systems and other indirect and direct drivers (both natural and anthropogenic).”

Source/reference: TNFD (2023, p. 116)
Note: See also: Drivers of nature change include: climate change; land/freshwater/ocean use change; resource use/replenishment; pollution/pollution removal; and invasive alien species introduction/removal (TNFD 2023, p. 30).

“A clearly defined geographical space that has been subject to human activity that has changed the land’s surface condition, relative to a reference state.”

Source/reference: TNFD (2023, p. 116).

“A disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or plant, especially one that produces specific symptoms or that affects a specific location and is not simply a direct result of physical injury.”

Source/reference: Oxford English Dictionary.

“Dependencies are aspects of environmental assets and ecosystem services that a person or an organisation relies on to function. A company’s business model, for example, may be dependent on the ecosystem services of water flow, water quality regulation and the regulation of hazards like fires and floods; provision of suitable habitat for pollinators, who in turn provide a service directly to economies; and carbon sequestration.”

Source/reference: TNFD (2023, p. 115)
Note: See also: Natural Capital Protocol definition of a natural capital dependency as a “business reliance on or use of natural capital” (Natural Capital Coalition, 2016, pp. 16-17).